The Periodic Table

Understanding the Periodic table is very simple - you need to know 2 things

Because all atom numbers reflect the number of protons (i.e. Carbon - 6, 6 protons, Krypton - 36, 36 protons, etc.)

What the number of the atom is?

What that atomic mass is?

Hydrogen's (1) atomic mass is 1.008, but Helium's (2) is 4.00

*3.96x as much mass with only 2x as much 'stuff'

Oxygen's (8) mass is 15.99

*15.86x as much mass with only 8x as much 'stuff'.

Hydrogen	Helium	Carbon	Oxygen	Gold	Uranium

Understanding the boiling and melting point will give a z-axis/3-dimensional understanding making all this more mentally accessible.